Relations between Britain and Germany were very good. This began to change, however. He felt that Russia to the east and France to the west were encircling Germany. As a result, he built up his armed forces. France and Russia feared Germany and did the same. During the s, all of the great powers in Europe began to build up their armies and navies. British policy in Europe intended that no country in Europe should become completely dominant.
If Russia, France, Germany and Austria-Hungary worried about each other, then they would be less of a threat to Britain. By about it was becoming clear to Britain that the greatest potential threat to Britain was going to be Germany. The strong economy, large population and powerful armed forces of Germany seemed to be capable of dominating Europe.
As a result, Britain began to support Russia and France. Britain joined the Triple Entente. Despite being part of the Triple Entente, Britain was not committed to going to war in The Foreign Secretary, Sir Edward Grey, spent much of the summer of furiously trying to reassure Russia and Germany and prevent a war happening. Germany hoped Britain would stay out of the war altogether. However, the Germans knew that Britain had promised to defend Belgium under the Treaty of London of The Germans wanted the British government to ignore the Treaty of London and let the German army pass through Belgium.
The British government made much of their duty to protect Belgium. Belgium's ports were close to the British coast and German control of Belgium would have been seen as a serious threat to Britain. In the end, Britain refused to ignore the events of 4 August , when Germany attacked France through Belgium. Within hours, Britain declared war on Germany. The Kaiser said how foolish he thought the British were. He said that Britain had gone to war for the sake of a "scrap of paper". In , Germany and Austria-Hungary formed an alliance the Dual Alliance that gave them great strength in the centre of Europe.
In , the French and the Russians formed their own strong alliance the Dual Entente that meant Germany now had an unfriendly power on each side.
Soon afterwards, Germany's most powerful soldier, General Schlieffen, drew up a plan that would allow Germany to beat France very quickly in any future war.
This would then free most German troops to fight Russia in the east. First, Austro-Hungary delivered an ultimatum to the Kingdom of Serbia. Serbia agreed to all conditions, except one. The countries began to mobilize. One month after the assassination, Austro-Hungary declared war on Serbia. On July 31 Russia began to mobilize and Germany replied with an ultimatum to either stop or face war, which was declared on Russia the next day on Aug.
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